Philosophy - Hume Essays - Miracles, Of Miracles, Noah In Islam

Theory - Hume In clarifying Hume's investigate of the faith in marvels, we should initially comprehend the meaning of a wonder. The Webster Dictionary characterizes a marvel as: an otherworldly occasion viewed as to characterize activity, one of the demonstrations worked by Christ which uncovered his godliness an incredibly astounding accomplishment or occasion, a surprising bit of karma. Along these lines, a marvel depends on one's impression of past encounters, what everybody sees. It depends on a people own world, furthermore, the confidence wherein he/she puts stock in, it depends on inside occasions, for example, what we are instructed, and outside occasions, for example, what we hear or see direct. When considering Hume's perspective on a supernatural occurrence, he deciphers or characterizes a wonder in that capacity; a supernatural occurrence is an infringement of the laws of nature, an occasion which isn't ordinary to the greater part of humanity. Hume clarifies this point splendidly when he states, ?Nothing is regarded a wonder, in the event that it has ever occurred in the normal course of nature. It is no wonder that a man apparently healthy should kick the bucket on an unexpected.? (Hume p.888) Hume expresses that this passing is very abnormal, anyway it appeared to happen normally. He could just characterize it as a genuine supernatural occurrence if this dead man were to returned to life. This would be an inexplicable occasion on the grounds that such an encounter has not however been regularly watched. In which case, his philosophical perspective on a marvel would be valid. Hume scrutinizes and ruins the confidence in a supernatural occurrence just on the grounds that it conflicts with the laws of nature. Hume characterizes the laws of nature to be what has been ?consistently? seen by humankind, for example, the laws of character and gravity. He sees society as being far to liberal in what they consider to be a marvel. He gives the peruser four plans to help his way of thinking in characterizing a genuine marvel, or the confidence in a supernatural occurrence. These focuses persuades that there has never been a marvelous occasion built up. Hume's first explanation in repudiating a supernatural occurrence is, on the whole of history there has not been an inexplicable occasion with a adequate number of witnesses. He addresses the honesty of the men and the notoriety wherein they hold in the public eye. In the event that their notoriety holds incredible trustworthiness, at that point and at exactly that point can we have full affirmation in the declaration of men. Hume is continually asking all through the entry inquiries to help verification for a supernatural occurrence. He poses inquiries, for example, this; Who is qualified? Who has the power to state who qualifies? As he poses these inquiries we can see there are no genuine answers, in which case, it will in general break the legitimacy of the observers to the supernatural occurrence. Hume's subsequent explanation in repudiating the legitimacy of a marvel is that he sees the entirety of our convictions, or what we pick to acknowledge, or not acknowledge through past understanding and what history directs to us. Besides, he will in general dishonor an individual by playing on a people awareness or sense of the real world. A model is; utilizing words, for example, the people requirement for ?fervor? what's more, ?wonder? emerging from marvels. Indeed, even the person who can not appreciate the delight promptly will in any case put stock in a marvel, paying little mind to the conceivable legitimacy of the marvel. With this, it drives the individual to feel a feeling of having a place and a feeling of pride. These people will in general be the adherents inside society. These people will in general accept quicker than the pioneers in the general public. With no respect to the marvels legitimacy, regardless of whether it is valid or bogus, or recycled data. Marvels lead to such solid allurements, that we as people will in general lose feeling of our own conviction of imagination what's more, reality. As people we will in general accept to discover consideration, and to babble of the obscure. Through feelings and conduct Hume will in general accept there has been many manufactured supernatural occurrences, notwithstanding if the data is to some degree substantial or not. His third explanation in ruining the confidence in a marvel is declaration versus reality. Hume states, ?It shapes a solid assumption against all extraordinary and phenomenal occasions, that they are watched mostly

Management matters in retail Essay

The executives matters in retail Management matters in retail Working paper 13, APRIL 2010 The Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity is a free not-revenue driven association built up in 2001 to fill in as the exploration arm of Ontario’s Task Force on Competitiveness, Productivity and Economic Progress. The order of the Task Force, declared in the April 2001 Speech from the Throne, is to gauge and screen Ontario’s seriousness, efficiency, and financial advancement contrasted with different regions and US states and to answer to the general population all the time. In the 2004 Budget, the Government asked the Task Force to join advancement and commercialization issues in its order. Working papers distributed by the Institute are expected to advise the work regarding the Task Force and to raise open mindfulness and invigorate banter on a scope of issues identified with seriousness and flourishing. The Task Force distributes yearly reports to the individuals of Ontario every November. The most effective method to get in touch with us Executive Director To get familiar with the Institute and the Task Force please visit us at: www. ompeteprosper. ca James Milway 416 920 1921 x222 j. milway@competeprosper. ca Should you have any inquiries or remarks, you may contact us through the site or at the accompanying location: The Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity 180 Bloor Street West, Suite 1000 Toronto, Ontario M5S 2V6 Telephone 416. 920. 1921 Fax 416. 920. 1922 It is the goal of the Task Force and the Institute to have a noteworthy impact in e xpanding Ontario’s seriousness, efficiency, and limit with regards to advancement. We accept this will help guarantee proceeded with accomplishment in making steady employments, expanding thriving, and assembling a higher caliber of life for all Ontarians. We look for advancement discoveries from our exploration and propose noteworthy developments in open arrangement to animate organizations, governments, and instructive establishments to make a move. Scientists Tamer Azer 416 920 1921 x228 t. azer@competeprosper. ca Katherine Chan 416 920 1921 x231 k. chan@competeprosper. ca Anam Kidwai 416 920 1921 x238 a. kidwai@competeprosper. ca Lloyd Martin 416 920 1921 x223 l. martin@competeprosper. ca Aaron Meyer 416 920 1921 x224 a. meyer@competeprosper. ca Comments on this working paper are welcome and ought to be coordinated to the Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity. The Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity is financed by the Government of Ontario through the Ministry of Economic Development and Trade. Adrienne Ross 416 920 1921 x230 a. ross@competeprosper. ca Ying (Sunny) Sun 416 920 1921 x227 s. sun@competeprosper. ca Copyright  © April 2010 The Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity ISBN 978-0-9809783-6-0 Project Team Design Hambly and Woolley Inc. www. hamblywoolley. om Illustration Blair Kelly Daniela Scur Project Manager Jack Bolland Supervisor Sean Brandreth Supervisor Blaise Bolland Joshua Booth Vadim Dorfman Raswinder Gill Alison McMeekin Nikolina Miljevik Alam Aguilar-Platas Scott Sameroff Management matters in retail Working paper 13, APRIL 2010 Exhibits Exhibit 1Pressure and bolster drive each of the three components of the Innovation Syste m13 Exhibit 2 Managers have a significant impact in making Pressure and Support in all components of the Innovation System14 Exhibit 3 Canadian administrators are less accomplished than their US counterparts5 Exhibit 4New administration methods are related with increments in efficiency and prosperity16 Exhibit 5 Canada’s retail the executives matches US performance25 Exhibit 6 Most of Canada’s best oversaw retail tasks are US-claimed multinationals26 Exhibit 7 Canada trails the US in selection and usage of best practice activities processes26 Exhibit 8 Canada slacks world’s best entertainers in many activities the board questions27 Exhibit A Manufacturers are preferred overseen over retailers in the three nations surveyed28 Display B Manufacturers out perform retailers29 Exhibit 9 Canada is among the pioneers in best practice for setting and overseeing goals30 Exhibit 10In execution the executives, Canada scores quite well, yet at the same time has improvement opportunity30 Exhibit 11In individuals the executives, Canada isn't factually not the same as the US31 Exhibit 12In individuals the executives, Canada performs well32 Exhibit 13 Better oversaw firms have progressively instructed managers32 Exhibit 14 Multinationals out perform non-multinationals in all countries33 Exhibit 15 Larger firms will in general be better managed4 Exhibit 16Publicly held firms are fundamentally preferable overseen over secretly held or family-possessed firms everywhere35 Exhibit 17Ontario retailers trail US peer states, and match Western and Atlantic Canada38 Exhibit 18Ontario fails to meet expectations partners in US peer states, especially in tasks management38 Exhibit 19In activities the board, Ontario retailers slack c ompanion state counterparts39 Exhibit 20In most zones of execution the board, Ontario retailers are not measurably unique in relation to partners in peer states40 Display 21In individuals the board, Ontario retailers lead in holding high performers41 Contents Foreword and acknowledgements4 Executive summary6 Strong administration conveys prosperityManagement ability is significant in the Innovation SystemCanada needs adequate modern administration capabilitiesManagement advancement conveys higher productivityManagement practices can be measured11 12 14 15 Lean Retailing is best work on working strategy17 17 19 Canada’s retailers score well however have chances to improveWhere can Canadian retailers improve? Open arrangement and business techniques lead to solid management24 26 31 Ontario trails US friends and matches most other Canadian regions37 Opportunities to fortify managementEnsure organizations seek to greatness in management42 43 44 References46 Previous publications48 International research assesses the board practicesBroaden development approach to incorporate administration skillsEmbrace global rivalry in our economy policy4 establishment for seriousness and thriving Foreword and affirmations I am satisfied to introduce Working Paper 13 of the Institute for Competitiveness and Prosperity. In this Working Paper, we broaden our investigation of the effect of the executives ability on our financial flourishing. A year ago, we introduced the aftereffects of the first-since forever investigate on the nature of Canada’s and Ontario’s the executives in the assembling area. This Working Paper centers around the executives abilities in the retail area. Solid administration is a basic component in the inventiveness of our economy, and thus its efficiency and thriving. Solid administration drives the interest for advancement through very much created and capably executed business trategies; it influences the continuous gracefully of top notch development by setting research needs and coordinating specialized assets; and it is critical to the financing of development by collecting assets and apportioning them carefully to promising ventures. Research in the United Kingdom shows that better administration prompts higher deals per representative. â€Å" Strong admini stration is a basic component in the imaginativeness of our economy, and consequently its profitability and thriving. † But government advancement methodologies in Canada don't assess the significance of the executives. They despite everything center around expanding logical and specialized assets that drive new-to-the-world developments; yet they don't sufficiently consider advancements that make monetary incentive in addressing cultural needs by drawing on existing advances and information. Both are significant for our success, and we need open strategies that go to each. Our discoveries for the retail part are steady with the examination on assembling the executives. Better taught chiefs produce better execution. For producers and retailers, in Canada and globally, the connection between managers’ instruction and business execution is ground-breaking. We likewise locate that huge scope, worldwide retailers are preferred overseen over those concentrated distinctly on their home market. This remains constant in Canada and different nations. Firms that grow all inclusive have significantly better administration, however distinguishing circumstances and logical results is troublesome. More than likely, there is a temperate hover at work. Firms with worldwide yearnings need successful administration to grow, and extending firms draw in better managers.5 The examination shows that Canadian retail chiefs are as compelling as their US partners whether they are working for a global or a local just organization. However, our general retail efficiency, as estimated by deals per representative and our retail compensation, trails the US retail division essentially. So we need to recognize that the administration of store level tasks may not be the significant test we face in improving our retail profitability. Be that as it may, the nature of corporate administration is a significant factor; our Canadian retail division has produced just a single worldwide pioneer †Couche-Tard †while we have twenty-three worldwide pioneers in our assembling part. Different variables, for example, populace size and thickness just as serious force, are additionally likely having an effect on everything. In open strategy, we keep on suggesting that our advancement techniques become progressively refined and adjusted. We have to perceive that supporting science for new developments isn't sufficient; we have to make a situation where specialists draw on new science and numerous different controls to advance items, administrations, and procedures. We have to guarantee that our business sectors are as open as they can be to remote rivalry and outside venture, since they improve the degree of the executives and development in Canada. Furthermore, we should put sufficiently in present auxiliary training on create world-class the board ability. We appreciatively recognize the continuous financing support from the Ontario Ministry of Economic

Rudy Giuliani america’s mayor an Example of the Topic Personal Essays by

Rudy Giuliani america’s civic chairman Theoretical Previous New York Mayor Rudy Giuliani exemplified the soul of resolve notwithstanding overpowering chances and one of the most dreadful fear mongers assaults in United States History. Rudy Giuliani has figured out how to represent mental fortitude as he battled wrongdoing in New York City during the 1990s; battling the street pharmacists and individuals from the sorted out wrongdoing as hard as he battled do-nothing appeasers of such conduct inside the city itself. Giuliani, once censured for his activities around there, has probably the most reduced insights on wrongdoing at any point found in the city in which to quietness his faultfinders. Likewise, his activities during the assault The World Trade Towers and his capacity to articulate and activities, the purpose of the city and even the nation against such philosophies of detest, has perpetually solidified himself as a changeless pioneer and one who will draw in votes dependent on his authority characteristics, making him an impo sing applicant in the 2008 Presidential political decision. Need exposition test on Rudy Giuliani americas city hall leader point? We will compose a custom exposition test explicitly for you Continue Rudy Giuliani was conceived in Brooklyn to average workers offspring of Italian foreigners in 1944. Around then, his family had associations with sorted out wrongdoing and his dad Harold, invested energy in Sing jail for ambush and burglary and filled in as a mafia authority during the late 1950s. This association that his family would need to sorted out wrongdoing would work in Rudys favor in his later years as a lawmaker. Rudy was never related legitimately with any criminal behavior. Notwithstanding, when it came to liberating New York City of the obstructions which composed wrongdoing had on the city, Rudy was valiant in that interest and exceptionally powerful. Giuliani did very well in school and rose rapidly in the positions, in the end graduating cum laude from New York University School of Law in 1968. In 1970, Giuliani joined the Office of the US Attorney and in 1973, was named the Chief of the Narcotics Unit and in the long run filled in as the United States Attorney. From 1977 until 1981, Giuliani specialized in legal matters however was gotten back to into governmental issues with the beginning of the Reagan Administration in 1981 which put him as the third most elevated positioning official in the Department of Justice. (Siegel, 2005. pg. 32) As Associate Attorney General, Giuliani initially started his national unmistakable quality as he utilized this situation as a venturing stone so as to win the situation of US Attorney for the Southern region of New York. It was here that Giuliani partook in some prominent cases where the Attorney General refused to compromise against the waiting composed wrongdoing component of New York City. In the Mafia Commission Trial of 1985-1986, Giuliani arraigned eleven composed wrongdoing figures on charges of coercion, work racketeering and murder for employ. Anthony Fat Tony: Salerno, who was viewed as the leader of the Genovese wrongdoing family, was one of Giulianis greatest gets and he was condemned to 100 years in prison for his unlawful dealings while in the horde. Giuliani would utilize this as a venturing stone for his run for chairman of the city of New York. In 1993, after a past bombed run for city hall leader, Rudy Giuliani turned into the chairman by a thin edge of just 53,000 votes. He turned into the principal Republican to win the workplace since John Lindsay won the workplace in 1965. (Consumes, 2003) It would be as the chairman of New York City that the name of Rudy Giuliani is most notable. This positively is for his job in the times of 9/11 and its outcome yet he was additionally ready to become well known in the years prior to 9/11. Wrongdoing during the 1980s among the entirety of the significant urban areas in the nation was one of the serious issues. In New York City, and explicitly in Manhattan, wrongdoing took a remedial dive while Giuliani was chairman. The wrongdoing families had endured a hard shot and Giuliani committed no error, wrongdoing would be one of the issues on his rundown of needs. Giuliani had the option to tidy up the city to a huge part, because of his merciless quest for his objectives; an interest which killed numerous individuals also. Previous New York Mayor Ed Koch stated: He is a decent civic chairman, however he will never be an incredible one. He can't acknowledge contradiction. At the point when it occurs, he needs to decimate you.(Burns, 2003) I t appeared to be in any case, this is the thing that the individuals of New York needed and in 1997, Giuliani won a second term as Mayor of New York. Before the assault on the World Trade Towers, Rudy Giuliani was known as a wrongdoing battling civic chairman. Notwithstanding, when the assault on New York on September 11, 2001 happened, it was Giuliani that was viewed as Americas Mayor as he assisted with keeping the nation and the city together by his position that New York will revamp and that the fear based oppressors won't stop American and their adoration for opportunity. It was the locations of the city hall leader strolling through the avenues as individuals were hopping from the World Trade Towers and his consideration and worry for the individuals of New York, that his endorsement appraisals in the weeks after the assaults, arrived at 79%. It was the individuals who probably won't have concurred with his strategies however who considered him to be a pioneer and around then throughout the entire existence of New York that is what was set as the most noteworthy of significance inside the individuals of New York. It has been over a long time since Rudy Giuliani has left governmental issues, yet he despite everything stays high in the view of the individuals of New York as well as for Americans too. With the civic chairman seeking run for the administration, in spite of the way that he is among nine other Republican up-and-comers, he and Senator John McCain are the two men to beat. This originates from the administration characteristics that the city hall leader has and which the American individuals accept, is required in this season of war. Will this compare into an effective run for the administration in 2008? It is difficult to tell. Giuliani is at chances with his Republican base on issues, for example, movement, homosexuality, firearm control and premature birth to give some examples. Be that as it may, he despite everything leads in a significant number of the surveys inside the Republican base due to his initiative characteristics. Republicans who probably won't vote in favor of him be cause of their difference on the social issues, despite everything view the city hall leader as a pioneer and one whom they wanted that they could concur with on the social issues. Rudy Giuliani is an innovator in two regions of his political life: His battle on wrongdoing during the 1990s and his activities during the assaults on 9/11. Giuliani forcefully assaulted wrongdoing in the city and said when he was censured for his savage assault on the citys wrongdoing: People can do whatever they need, be whatever they can be. Opportunity is about the ability of each and every person to surrender to legitimate position a lot of carefulness adjoin what you do and how you do it. (Siegel, 2005 pg. 195) Giuliani had the option to crush the spirits of the wrongdoing families in New York City and it was evaluated that he spared the city more than $600 million through these endeavors. (Siegel, 2005 pg. 277) These were the principal activities which assisted with pushing Giuliani into the spotlight and which made him have numerous admirers both inside the city and in the whole nation. In any case, a great many people recall Giuliani was the city hall leader of New York at the hour of the assaults on the World Trade Center. America has become a very picture cognizance society. The normal American is overwhelmed by a huge number of pictures on the TV and with different types of hardware and innovation. Individuals recollect what they see more than what the read and accordingly, the individuals who saw, in the days during and after the assaults just as in follow up stories in the years to follow, the chairman strolling around the city as the two towers were as yet erect. There was no chance to get of knowing whether there would be further assaults on the city and if the chairmen life was at serious risk. This didn't appear to make a difference to the chairman and he went down to ground zero himself while there may have been more assaults to come so as to study for him, the harm that the city had taken. Individuals, who may have concurred with him on different positio ns, had the option to excuse him and offer their help during this most upsetting time. Additionally, the city hall leader was exceptionally defensive towards New York. At the point when Saudi Prince Alwaleed container Talal censured America and said that their position on the side of Israel and different approaches in the Middle East welcomed these assaults and afterward the Prince offered $10 million in help for the city, the chairman denied the blessing. He reacted by saying: There is no ethical comparable for this psychological militant act. There is no ethical defense for it I feel this happened on the grounds that individuals were occupied with moral equivalency in not understanding the contrasts between liberal majority rule governments like the United States, similar to Israel, and psychological oppressor states and the individuals who excuse fear based oppression. So I think not exclusively are those announcements wrong, they are a piece of the issue. (Consumes, 2003) Such explanations and instances of the belief system of the civic chairman, has helped him to arrive at a practically famous position among those in New York and around the nation who feel that Americans war on fear based oppression is one of the most problems that are begging to be addressed in the nation and the present reality. At long last, the civic chairman was an image for the determination that the individuals of New York had and he communicated this purpo se on numerous events: :Tomorrow New York will be here. What's more, would remake, and would have been more grounded than we were previously. I need the individuals of New York to be a guide to the remainder of the nation, to the remainder of the world that fear based oppression can't stop us. (Siegel, 2005 pg. 304) In these endeavors, Rudy Giuliani has been viewed as Americas Mayor. He is trusting that will be sufficient to drive him into the administration in 2008. WORKS CITED Consumes, R. ( 2003) The History of New York Chapter Eight.: New York: Time Warner 2003 Siegel, F.(2005) The Prince of the City: Giuliani , New York and the Genius of American Life. New York: Encounter Books.

Translucence and Translation in Alice Oswalds Memorial A Version of Homers Illiad - Literature Essay Samples

Most translations of Homer’s The Iliad keep the entire narrative of the story, incorporating Homer’s themes on the glory of war. Alice Oswald, however, chooses to deviate from this aspect of Homer’s epic in her Memorial: A Version of Homer’s Iliad. Oswald aims to translate The Iliad’s â€Å"atmosphere, not it’s story,† by showcasing its â€Å"enargeia† or its â€Å"bright unbearable reality,† instead of its â€Å"nobility,† making her version more â€Å"translucence† than â€Å"translation† (Oswald, ix). To achieve this, Oswald cuts out the narrative of the story, leaving behind only the gruesome scenes of two hundred Greek and Trojan deaths. Although at first read, Oswald’s deformation of the Iliad’s narrative seems counteractive to her goal of capturing its â€Å"bright unbearable reality,† she argues that loss, not war in general, is central to The Iliad (Oswald, ix). Using ele mental similes, especially in the death of of Podes, Oswald strips away the glory of war and leaves behind a reflection on the cyclical and inevitable nature of death. For Oswald, The Iliad’s enargeia emerges not from the narrative itself, but from the destruction left behind. In her depiction of Podes’s death, Oswald’s removal of his killer shifts the focus of war from its glory to its destruction, and shows the inevitability of death. In The Iliad, as well as in Memorial, Podes’s death is brief, only taking up a few lines of the text: Podes a close friend of Hector/ They used to have meals together/ He panicked he tried to run back to those times/ But time itself finished him(Oswald, 62). In Memorial, however, Oswald omits Podes’s killer, whereas in his translation of The Iliad, Lattimore states that â€Å"fair-haired Menelaus struck [Podes] at the war belt/ As he swept away in flight, and drove the bronze spear clean through it† (Lattimore, 578-579). Lattimore’s translation adheres to the traditional depiction of war as glorious, focusing on not only the deaths of war, but its victories as well. Lattimore’s translation depicts Menelaus, Podes’s killer, as a winner, while Oswald doesn’t even think it necessary to mention his name, instead saying that Podes is â€Å"finished† by time (Oswald, 62). This translation of Podes’s death alludes to Oswald’s belief that death and destruction await all of us, and cannot be avoided, especially in situations of war. To her, Podes’s killer isn’t important when describing his death, because had Menelaus not have killed him, somebody—or something—else probably would have. Another way that Oswald fixates on war as an outlet for destruction, not nobility, is by meticulously picking the details she includes in her short, four-line description of Podes’s death. While Lattimore’s translation never describes Podes’s actions as he dies, Oswald describes Podes â€Å"panick[ing]† and trying to â€Å"run back† to the times when he and Hector would â€Å"have meals together† (Oswald, 62). With this description, Oswald implies that Hector regrets fighting and fears his death. Instead of dying with nobility and bravery, he runs away, wishing he was somewhere else, enjoying a meal with a good friend. This disrupts the classical image of a valorous death, instead depicting fear and cowardice on the battlefield, and portrays war as a destructive force not only for bodies, but for spirit. Interestingly enough, Oswald also tries to find The Iliad’s â€Å"bright, unbearable reality† through the bits of narrative that she omits in her translation (ix). By choosing to include only scenes of death, she cuts scenes that might distract from this aspect of war. Even the compilation of these deaths in a ninety page books says something dismal about the vast amounts of death associated with war. The Iliad contains so many deaths that even if you were to only briefly describe every death scene, you would have enough text to fill a novel. In Podes’s death scene, Oswald’s omits Podes’s social status and Hector’s attempt at avenging him to further argue that death is inevitable and that noble actions in war don’t detract from it’s insurmountable amount of death. In Lattimore’s translation of The Iliad, Lattimore continuously refers to Podes as â€Å"Eà «tion’s son† and also refers to his wealth by calling him a â€Å"rich man† (Lattimore, 576). By not including these details, Oswald equalizes Podes’s death with the deaths of every other character in The Iliad, wealthy or not. By doing this, not only does Oswald imply that all deaths are equally tragic and significant, but she also implies that wealth and social status can’t save somebody from meeting their inevitable end. Oswald also omits a scene in which Hector attempts to avenge Podes’s death. In Lattimore’s translation, Apollo approaches Hector after Podes’s dea th and says â€Å"Hecktor, what other Achaian now shall be frightened before you?/ See, you have shrunk before Menelaos, who in times before this/ was a soft spearfighter; and now has gone taking off single-handed/ a body from among the Trojans. He has killed your trusted companion,/ valiant among the champions, Podes, the son of Eà «tion† (Lattimore, 585-590). Hector’s inability to protect his friend from Menelaus brings shame to the Trojans. In response, he â€Å"[takes] his way among the champions helmed in shining bronze† and prepares to fight to avenge the death of his friend and dissipate the dishonor his failure has brought on (Lattimore, 592). By cutting this scene, Oswald argues that Podes’s death is irreversible. Not even a noble act of vengeance from Hector can bring Podes back or alleviate the damage brought on by his death. Perhaps one of the most distinguishing factors of Oswald’s adaptation of The Iliad is the elemental similes that make up a bulk of the novel. Every episode of death in Memorial is followed by a comparison to some natural force, levelling death with something as natural and destructive as things like thunder or, in the case of Podes’s death, fire. Using these elemental similes, Oswald once again argues that death is inevitable, even natural, and cannot be controlled or contained. Death is elemental, not glorious. Furthermore, by comparing war to a destructive natural phenomenon like fire, Oswald expresses a negative opinion on human nature, its inherent violence. Oswald believes that humans, like the elements, naturally tend toward hate, violence. Unlike the original translation, Oswald finds The Iliad’s â€Å"bright, unbearable reality† not in humankind’s glory, but in humankind’s striking tendency toward destruction, and the loss left behind (Oswald, ix). The similes employed by Oswald in comparing the Trojan war to the elemental world also serve to bring the themes of the Iliad to a more contemporary audience. Many readers in 2011—the date of Memorial’s publication—wouldn’t have been familiar with the Trojan war, or the general landscape of war in general. It is incredibly difficult for readers who have never experienced war to be able to truly understand its destruction and intensity. It’s much easier, however, for readers to imagine waves crashing into the face of a rocky cliff or bright flames consuming a large tree. Oswald uses these images to transcend The Iliad’s enargeia across time and knowledge. One must not need to be familiar with the entire storyline of The Iliad or have experienced the chaos of warfare to understand The Iliad’s atmosphere. Oswald’s aims in compiling descriptions of every death in Homer’s The Iliad are explicitly stated at the beginning of Memorial. She herself recognizes that her attempt to capture The Iliad’s â€Å"enargeia† or â€Å"bright, unbearable reality† makes her version deviate from a traditional translation. Her fixation on death and use of elemental similes, however, do uproot a truth about war deeply hidden under all of the nobility in Homer’s epic; that war, though it may seem glorious at times, inevitably leads to death and destruction. And although Oswald neglects to incorporate The Iliad’s storyline into her version, Memorial succeeds in reflecting on destruction and war, and the inescapable reality waiting for us all.

Analysis of International Communication and Globalization...

We all seem to partake –somehow- in a new streak of research where the concept of globalisation takes form of some sort of mantra, rendering previously valid questions irrelevant and imposing new paradigm shifts in a variety of disciplines. In the field of International communication, the process of globalisation is not only about the emergence of huge transnational corporations. It also implies changes in communication policies and their impact on cultural autonomy and identity not only in weaker nations but in the most powerful ones as well. It is in this context that International Communication scholars are forced to rethink their existing theories of the free flow of information, the rapid growth of information technology, and the†¦show more content†¦The first part of this book features an interesting discussion about two key and contending research tendencies in the field of International Communication: an ‘Orthodox’ trend usually associated with the American tradition of quantitative research, and a ‘Critical’ trend that started in Western Europe with a qualitative and theoretical interest in the study of culture in terms of impact on ‘forms of consciousness and ways of life.’(p.7) This dichotomization might have been true in the early beginnings of International Communication research, but it no longer holds today as more American scholars adopt a critical approach in their enquiry of the effects of global communication on national cultures. Besides, Mohammadi should have asked someone else who not only writes about but also does critical research. James Halloran, who was given the task to represent the critical tradition, is more concerned with mass communication and public- policy making than cultural processes. The section on communication technology, deregulation and their impact on Third World countries is a discussion of how globalization and rapid technological change increase competition and accentuate the need for developing countries to adapt quickly. Adaptation, however, entails submission to a non-privileging economic order dictated by international financial institution, which helps to erode the autonomy of nation-states. As averred earlier, these arguments have been

Journalism Essay Example For Students

Journalism Essay While Burl Osborne is a strong believer in the right to free speech, he said that the urge to censor is the reaction of well-intended people to the expression of views that they find repugnant. Osborne, who serves as the president of the American Society of Newspaper Editors as well as the editor and publisher of The Dallas Morning News spoke of campus censorship in a meeting in the Student Unions Arizona Ballroom yesterday. Osborne says that many campuses around the country have instated policies against offensive speech and expression of students, with penalties that range from visits with a psychologist to expulsion. Behavior that complies with what is deemed to be proper is politically correct, says Osborne. Censorship has become the strategy of choice. In recent years, virtual communities have proliferated thanks to the converging technologies of telecommunications and computing. In the United States, numerous virtual communities exist in the form of bulletin boards, newsgroups, computer conferencing, etc. and have been expanding its scope beyond the national boundaries. But, those virtual communities originating in the United States carry heavy American-biased culture which members often take for granted because of the long history of domination in developing computer networks by American organizations. As examples of alternative virtual cultures, this paper presents major virtual communities in Japan which originated in Japan and mainly sustained by people in Japan. 2. Introduction and Background The convergence of telecommunication and computer technologies has enabled networking of people regardless of their geographical and temporal differences. The scope of such computer networks has been expanding exponentially since the first extensive comp uter network, ARPANET, was created in 1968 by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the U.S. Department of Defense (now DARPA, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency). Now its successor, Internet, comprises 1.7 million computers in more than 1 25 countries (Stix, 1993); most of them at universities, government agencies and companies. As such computer networks have expanded beyond the small communities of scientific researchers and been applied in a variety of fields such as education and busin ess, communication through such computer networks is beginning to alter the ways in which people interact with one another in formal and informal ways. 2.1. Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) The term, computer-mediated communication (CMC) or computer-based communication, encompasses: computer networks, electronic mail, electronic bulletin boards service (BBS), and computer conferencing. CMC has been fairly well studied in educational setting s, as a supplemental to traditional classroom teaching or as a deliverly mode of distance education because of its distinct characteristics which make it different from any other media. Poster (1990) notes that CMC substitutes writing for spoken conversa tions and extends the domain of writing to cover areas of communication that previously were limited to face-to-face interactions, mail, and the telephone. CMC, up to now, is mainly limited to textual communication where most of the social cues are stripped off. People only see text on the computer screen in standardized formats which contains no dynamic personal information such as tones of ones voice or undescrivable facial expressions. Phatic aspects of the face-to-face conversation are minimal in CMC, which sometimes exacerbates communication anxiety when the sender gets no reply (Feenberg, 1989). The advantage of such text-based communication is that it reduces discriminatory communication patterns based on physical and social cues such as gender, race, socio-economic status, physical features, etc. , and enhances the interaction with one another. As a result, CMC destabilizes existing hierarchies in relationships and rehierarchize communications according to criteria that were previously irrelevant (Poster, 1990). The text-based communication also augments the interaction with ideas generated t hrough discussions. In CMC, people tend to focus on the message more than the messenger, and the availability of an archived transcript of the proceedings facilitates review of previous comments and discussion, focusing on important ideas and concepts. Another important aspect of this standardized texual communication is an individuals great control of his/her self image presented to other people. In most cases, the only identity an individual user has is a handle name which may be, and most often is expected to be, fictional. Anonymity is complete and identity is fictionalized in the structure of the communication. Poster (1990) contends that computer conversations construct a new configuration of the process of self-constitution. Communicate rs can compose themselves as characters in the process of writing, inventing themselves from their feelings, their needs, their ideas, their desires, their social position, their political views, their economic circumstances, their family situation thei r entire humanity. Spinoza And Free Will Essay In this sense, CMC is used for what Morioka (1993) calls ishiki tsushin (conscious communication). Ishiki tsushin, according to Morioka, is the communication for the purpose of social interaction itself, which is distinguised from joho tsushin (info rmation communication). Goffman (1959) argued that individuals deliberately give and inadvertently give off signs that provide others with information about how to .

QC Logistics an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

QC Logistics Introduction Need essay sample on "QC Logistics" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed QC Logistics, a logistics and supply chain management company, is pilot testing IonData Lite in one of its facilities. IonData Lite is an off-the-shelf inventory tracking system which combines a PC and a handheld scanner. The Company has several requirements for its new stock control system, and among the systems it researched on, IonData Lite has the best fit. Summary Company Background QC Logistics, based on Waterford, is a business process outsourcer (BPO) for the logistics functions of several industries, particularly the pharmaceutical sector. As a BPO and by looking after peripheral aspects, QC Logistics allows companies to do their best. Clients trust QC to look after volumes of stock and ensure that stock is delivered just-in-time: if stock doesn't arrive and a production line is stopped, it could cost the client substantial amounts of money. QC Logistics started operations in December 1996, employed five staff, and operated in a single warehouse (5,000 sq. ft.). At the time the case was written, the Company was operating in several warehouses with a total area of 130,000 sq. ft, and was dealing more than 14,000 pallets of stocks a week. Our Customers Very Often Tell Us: I'm don't want to write my paper. Because I don't have the time Specialists propose: Academic Papers For Sale The Company's core businesses are those non-cores for its clients like stock management, just-in-time delivery and shipping. Its business is primarily focused in meeting the logistics needs of the healthcare and pharmaceutical sectors, the Company did work for companies in other industries. But the Company maintains that the level of internal standards and processes required servicing a pharmaceutical client, the systems it has were more than able to meet the needs of clients in other sectors. As such, it is this sector and its needs that the company based its systems, a selection of a new system, the implementation of its systems, and roll-out of its systems on. Issue Due to the uniqueness of the logistics function of QC Logistics' clients particularly its pharmaceutical clients, the systems it has must be more resilient than those of the competition. At the end of the supply chain process and what is noteworthy is that the product QC was responsible for was going to be consumed by human beings. As such QC Logistics wants this, a better level of service, and improved efficiencies in it warehouses to be addressed by its stock control system. Undoubtedly, such a system and its implementation will cost QC Logistics a lot of money. Fortunately, the new stock system was part-funded with a grant from the Enterprise Ireland eBusiness Acceleration Fund. In choosing the new stock control system, QC's requirements include 1) the ability to manage stock in the warehouse, 2) provision of traceability, 3) had to be user friendly, 4) had to support integration of other systems, 5) support for bar coding, and 6) solid security. Action Taken QC Logistics chose IonData Lite. IonData Lite is an off-the-shelf inventory tracking system designed by Dun Laoghaire-based developer Ion Technologies. IonData Lite provides functionality on goods in, move and put away goods, bills and shipping, and stock checking. Also, the software allows QC Logistics to generate reports weekly. As such, the new systems benefits QC Logistics' numerous clients by promoting better efficiency, easier production of reports, and better stock traceability. While it benefits QC Logistics by reducing level of paperworks, allowing the Company to sustain a competitive advantage, easier reporting, and increasing customer confidence. In the implementation of the new system, IonData Lite, QC Logistics learned several things. QC Logistics thinks that these lessons are necessary in order for a successful system implementation and roll-out. These lessons are spending time on detailing the specifications this was considered as a fundamental part of the process, having a plan and involving everyone a clear outlined approach on the information technology project which should be led by a Project Manager is imperative, sticking to the timeline, and researching on alternatives before settling for any one system vendor. Having said all these, QC Logistics kept in mind the areas in their system that needed to be expanded on in the future. The Company wants to integrate its client stock systems with the IonData Lite system, develop a client extranet that allows direct access to stock inventory and reporting on an as-needed basis, and roll-out of the IonData Lite system across all the company's facilities. Recommendation 1 For any business organization, managing the supply chain "the flow of materials from suppliers through manufacturing, distribution, and sales" (Turban, Leidner, McLean effectively and efficiently is one of the sources of competitive advantages. However, for most companies this function is not always one of their core competencies. Hence, like the pharmaceutical clients of QC Logistics, it is always more efficient and effective for some to outsource this function. Supply chain management then becomes the core competency of the outsourcing partner. QC Logistics in looking for a system to fulfill all its current requirements, and still would allow for future expansion, can look at several supply chain management softwares available in the market. The SCM software allows QC to build functional systems that link all its facilities, ensure support functions, and connect with the company's supply chain partners and clients. SCM allows QC to connect it supply chain with the supply chain of its suppliers and customers (www.cio.com) and hence, it addresses one of the basic requirements of the Company: system integration. Recommendation 2 Radio frequency identification (RFID) "uses tiny tags that contain a processor and an antenna and can communicate with a detecting unit" (Turban, Leidner, McLean & Wetherbe, 2006, p. 30). RFID technology is not relatively new. It has been around since the 1970s (www.rfidjournal.com). In using RFID in improving its logistics' efficiency and effectiveness, QC Logistics can use passive RFID chips with small antennae attached to cases and pallets. When passed near an RFID "reader," the chip activates, and its unique product identifier code is transmitted back to QC's stock control system. With this system in place, when pallets are delivered to QC's clients' warehouses, RFID readers notify both QC Logistics and clients what products entered the facility, and where the products are stored. RFID will more than address the requirements of QC: traceability, error control, stock information, reduction in manpower, and FIFO stock rotation. Also, since RFID tags are unique, this would mean that it is possible to identify which stock might pass its expiration date first. Conclusion The success of QC Logistics lies in its capability to manage its clients supply chain: it must do this better than its competition. This ability is highly dependent on the system it employs. As such, care must be exercised in choosing what stock control system to use. IonData Lite substantially addresses the current requirements of QC Logistics, but I can't stop thinking that the Company might be jeopardising future growth by betting on such a very simple system. References Turban, E., Leidner, D., McLean, E. & Wetherbe, J. (2006). Information Technology for Management: Transforming Organization sin the Digital Economy (5th ed.). Massachusetts: John Wiley & Sons. ABCs of Supply Chain Management. Retrieved on April 7, 2007. Is RFID new? Retrieved on April 7, 2007.

Hung Liu Artistic Work and its Contribution to Human Life

Hung Liu Artistic Work and its Contribution to Human Life Introduction Born in 1948 in China, Hung Liu is a famous Chinese-American artist who uses her paintings to present themes like gender, culture, politics, and war. Hung acquired her skills in the field of art from the Central Academy of Fine Art in Beijing, where she acquired a Bachelors Degree in Art, and later got a masters degree from the University of California.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Hung Liu Artistic Work and its Contribution to Human Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hung uses themes like gender and culture to explain the challenges that women and young girls experience globally. In addition, Hung emphasizes the importance of her themes using paintings, which are very practical in presenting her themes. The fact that Hung is among the early immigrants to the United States gives her a firsthand experience of the gender disparity and racism. Thus, Hung is very vocal on aspects that focus on women, politics, culture, war, environmental crisis, and struggles of immigrants (Fichner 532). Moreover, the research also conducted through an interview with a colleague (Chiang Lee), who is a Chinese American, concerning his perspective of Hung’s paintings. Therefore, the research paper examines how Chinese-American artist, Hung Liu, addresses themes such as gender, racism, politics, culture, war, and immigrant struggles. Gender Discrimination Hung uses her fine works of art to explain the experiences that women and girls go through in their lives. In her famous work titled Goddess of Liberty, Hung employs imagery to demonstrate the effect of gender parity. Moser explains that the paintings of Hung show women who have been bound on the feet to highlight the challenges that the women encounters globally (80). Hung outlines the theme of gender discrimination from historic periods and stresses her historic presentation by using concubines of emperors to demonstrate that the issue of gender discrimination affects both medieval and modern women and girls. In her assertion, Hung argues that the emperors’ concubines wore masks to symbolize the authoritarian nature of men, who define the roles of the women. Moreover, Hung adds three cages of birds hanging on her painting to emphasize on the effects of gender discrimination. From a personal interview, Chiang explains that although discrimination against women has reduced compared to historic times, some individuals still perpetuate the vice. Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Figure 2: Mother and daughter (Moser 94) Immigrant Struggles Another theme that Hung addresses is the immigrant struggles, which explains the dilemmas that Chinese immigrants who came to the United States in the mid-nineteen century experienced. According to Hung, many Chinese immigrants encountered different lifestyles and cultures in the United States. Therefore, most of the Chinese immigrants adopted the foreign cultures and compromised their native cultures. Some of the paintings used by Hung to explain the vital nature of culture include the portraits of Chinese self, Buddha’s hand, the rainmaker, and the controversial fortune cookie that symbolizes the importance of Chinese culture. The implication of her cultural paintings, which includes the fortune cookie, shows the vitality of culture from Hung’s perspective (Moser 83). Hung uses her artistic skills to encourage appreciation of native culture and lifestyles of Chinese people living in the United States. In the aspect of immigrant struggles, Chiang explains that since the lifestyles and cultures of people in the United States are different from Chinese lifestyles, many immigrants from China experienced immense challenges in the process of assimilating into the American culture and preserving their culture. Figure 2: Old Gold Mountains (Moser 92) Politics Hung addresses the theme of politics using her homeland of China. From her paintings, Hung demonstrates the importance of good politics and governance.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Hung Liu Artistic Work and its Contribution to Human Life specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More By using images of Chinese slaves taken captives in Japan after the Second World War and women working on dry fields to recover the lost glory of the Chinese republic, Hung depicts the need for states to exercise good governance and healthy politics. Using numerous wall paintings that are eye-catching and appealing, Hung outlines the past and present political status of China (French 23). In addition, to enhance the effectiveness of her paintings concerning the present political nature of her home country, China, Hung applies metaphors and figures of speech. Hung uses the figures of speech and me taphors to explain that the political system of China has challenges in terms of political balance. According to the interview, Chiang explained that although China is progressing politically, the country has to institute a number of policies to advance its political system. Racism Hung uses most of her paintings to show feelings, operations, and activities that individuals undertake in their daily lives. Since Hung is a Chinese American artist, some of her images depict things that concern her past life in the United States when the vice of racial and gender discrimination was highly pronounced. Although Hung experienced many instances of racial disparity, however, she used her images to demonstrate the critical nature of living together like brothers and sister irrespective of race. Whenever Hung encountered a situation, she would try to retain it in history using imagery. A good example of artwork that Hung used in addressing the issue of racism focused on the Chinese living in S outh Carolina. According to Guzman, Hung’s images are very practical in the study of racial discrimination practiced by some Native Americans during the 19th and 20th centuries (46). From the personal interview, Chiang notes that since Hung was a woman from China who travelled to the United States during the period characterized by high levels of discrimination basing on gender and race, her vulnerability to discrimination was high. Figure 3: A sketch that demonstrates the need to take care of each other as brothers (Moser 82)Advertising Looking for research paper on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Culture A number of paintings designed by Hung comprise of fine images that display rich and unique Chinese culture. In her artistic works, Hung displays both the past and the contemporary cultures of Chinese. Remarkably, her artistic works are multicultural, as she incorporates both Chinese and American cultures. The main motivation of multicultural paintings is her experience in the United States and the need to help young Asian Americans, who experienced cultural dilemmas. Moreover, most of her paintings that focus on Chinese culture are born out of traditional Chinese education, which is the foundation of her present artistic skills (Desmond 23). The contribution of Hung’s traditional Chinese education is evident from the majority of her images that either have their basis on Chinese photographs from the past or depict Chinese history and culture. The findings from the research also reflect a similar response, as Chiang states that Hung tried very hard to use her painting skills to educate individuals concerning Chinese culture and encourage the Native Chinese to appreciate and love their culture. War War is another theme that Hung addresses using her paintings. Most of the paintings that she designed show Chinese slaves captured by Japanese soldiers after the Second World War and the images of Chinese women working on dry plantations to recover the glory of China. The painting ‘By the Rivers of Babylon’ that shows refugees at the banks of a river running away from war is a good example of how Hung uses imagery to keep historic events alive in the minds of people. Since Hung spent most of her tender age living in China during the period when wars and revolutions were frequent, she uses some of the images to demonstrate the actual state of affairs to many individuals in the United States and globally. According to the research, it is clear that images of Hung educate many individuals on issues that touch on war and its implications (Ress ler 212). Chiang states that through the paintings of Hung, he had acquired a lot of information concerning war, especially in the Asian continent. Figure 4: By the Rivers of Babylon (Moser 95) Conclusion The famous works of art displayed by Chinese-American artist, Hung, are very important and practical in the study of historic events that have shaped human life. The paintings designed by Hung are appealing and attractive since she uses streaks and shadows in enhancing reality of images or photographs. Some of the major themes that Hung addresses include gender discrimination, immigrant struggles, politics, racism, culture, and war. Additionally, the interview with a colleague (Lee Chiang), who is a Chinese American, highlights the relevance of Hung’s artistic works not only to the past society, but also to the contemporary society. The themes addressed by Hung in her paintings bring to the fore the challenges that human beings encounter in their daily activities. Therefore , Hung’s paintings and images have an enduring influence as they touch on issues of the contemporary world. Chiang, Lee. Personal Interview. 8 Feb. 2014. Desmond, Kathleen. Ideas About Art. New York: John Wiley Sons, 2011. Print. French, Stephanie. In Plural America. New York: Hudson River Museum, 2012. Print. Fichner, Lois. Understanding Art. Mason: Cengage Learning, 2011. Print. Guzman, Rene . Summoning Ghosts: The Art of Hung Liu. California : University of California Press, 2013. Print. Moser, Joann. â€Å"Interview A Conversation with Hung Liu.† Chicago Journals 25. 2 (2011): 76-103. Print. Ressler, Susan. Women Artists of the American West. McFarland, 2003. Print.

Stock Market Anomalies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Stock Market Anomalies - Essay Example In finance, anomalies are market activities not in agreement with the forecasting of the efficient market hypothesis (EMH). In detail, these anomalies seem to breach premises of mean-variance ratio or no-arbitrage. If a multifarious adaptive scheme approach better depicts markets, the supposed anomalies investigators have keyed out may not be abnormal after all. The modern EMH model can be summed up in the "three P's of Total Investment Management" (Lo, 1999): prices, probabilities, and preferences. The three P's have originated from one of the most fundamental and vital estimates of modern economics, the rationale of supply and demand. This precept submits that the price of any goods and the quantity sold are fixed by the intersection of supply and demand arcs. The intersection of these two arcs influences "equilibrium" comprising the pair of price-quantity which might satisfy both the user and the producer at the same time. How or why do markets fail Several reasons can be attached to this question. But the simplest reason is the heterogeneity of the investors which breaks down and the every capitalist starts to act in harmony which leads to either extreme optimism which is greed or pessimism which is fear. The teachings of social psychology are that people like to imitate one another thus giving weightage when being in group rather than to individual's own reflections.

Demographic Analysis for Policy Decision-Making Essay

Demographic Analysis for Policy Decision-Making - Essay Example The children of smokers, compared to children of nonsmoking parents, have an increased number of respiratory disorders, are sick more often and miss more days of school. The Centers for Disease Control conservatively attributes 3,825 deaths in 1988 to passive smoking A report sponsored by the Environmental Protection Agency concluded that environmental smoke kills 53,000 nonsmokers a year, including 37,000 from heart disease ("Secondhand") (Schwartz JL, 1989). Canadians are most likely to identify lung cancer and bronchitis and other respiratory problems as diseases associated with second-hand smoke. Smokers and those who live with smokers are less likely to acknowledge the health effects of smoking. Only 1 in 5 Canadians surveyed believed that second-hand smoke could cause ear infections. Even among those who know that second-hand smoke poses a danger, many mistakenly believe that children's health is only harmed by smoking directly around them. [Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Knowledge, Attitudes and Actions of Parents, Children and Child Care Providers, Health Canada, 1995]. http://www.smoke-free.ca/Second-Hand-Smoke/health_kids.htm Almost half of all Canadian children under the age of... http://www.smoke-free.ca/Second-Hand-Smoke/health_kids.htm Almost half of all Canadian children under the age of 15, some 2.8 million children, are exposed to second-hand smoke on a regular basis. [Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister of Health on second reading debate of Bill C-24, June 6, 1996]. Four in 10 Canadian households include someone who regularly smokes in the home. Neither the presence of children nor their age affects whether or not homes are kept smoke-free. A further 40% of Canadian homes have no regular smoker living there, but permit visitors to smoke in their home. Only 19% of Canadian homes are smoke-free. [Survey on Smoking in Canada 1994-95, Cycle 2] http://www.smoke-free.ca/Second-Hand-Smoke/health_kids.htm In smoker's homes, an average of 18 cigarettes a day is smoked. In only 1 in 5 of these households are cigarettes not smoked directly in front of children. Smokers are more likely to have mainly smokers in their social circle, and their children are more likely to be in contact with these smoking friends and relatives than are the children of non-smokers. [An Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Concerning Environmental Tobacco Smoke, 1995 - Ekos Research Associates] http://www.smoke-free.ca/Second-Hand-Smoke/health_kids.htm Thus, there is no doubt that tobacco smoking is harmful to the smoker. Evidence also indicates that maternal smoking during pregnancy has adverse effects on fetal development. It is now apparent that 'passive' or 'involuntary' smoking also has harmful effects. This involves non-smokers being exposed to the smoke from cigarettes or other tobacco products smoked by other people. In 1987 the Independent Scientific Committee on Smoking and Health produced a statement to the effect that

Is Science a Religion Essay Example for Free

Is Science a Religion Essay Is science a religion? This topic has been debated by many creationists and scientists alike. The philosophy of science makes no claims to knowledge about the supernatural or metaphysical and, by not so doing, is left with an enterprise that although hugely successful is also permanently on trial (Manne, 2010). The only thing scientists can agree upon is the empirical nature of science, but the steps from observations to theory are not without philosophical problems. DISCUSSION Thomas Kuhn thinks that scientific paradigms are essentially pictures of the world that are consistent with observations and logically coherent. But such pictures are necessarily always incomplete, at least until such time as we know everything, and our minds seem to struggle to accept this; it seems like there is an aesthetic compulsion to create harmonious images, even if that means filling in the spaces with metaphysical constructs. Andrew Brown states that the dictionary is wrong; science can be a religion too. He explains that if you strictly use the dictionary definition of science then it cannot be considered a religion, but if you look at science objectively you can see how it could be considered one. He makes a strong argument that religion has too many definitions for science to not be considered one. Richard Dawkins believes the opposite. He states that science is based upon verifiable evidence. Religious faith not only lacks evidence, its independence from evidence is its main virtue. Dawkins makes a good argument for science not being a religion. He even goes so far as to reconsider his stance only if science can get as much education time as religion does. Dawkins’ Atheist views are widely known but there are many more scientists that believe religion has no place in the world. Michael Ruse, on the other hand, asks why religion is not being taught in public schools while science is. His argument is that if â€Å"God exists† is a religious claim, why then is â€Å"God does not exist† not a religious claim? And if Creationism implies God exists and cannot therefore be taught, why then should science which implies God does not exist be taught? I am sure Dawkins was referring to Sunday school and bible study when he referred to science getting as much education time as science, but Ruse has a valid point. Science is taught in schools due to separation of church and state, therefore everyone has to learn science. Sunday school is voluntary. Peter Harrison demonstrated how the role of religion in the rise of modern science often focused on the way in which religion motivated particular individuals, or provided the essential content of approaches to nature. These relate to the origins of science and assume that, once established, modern science becomes self-justifying. However, seventeenth century criticisms of science, such as attacks on the Royal Society, suggest that science remained unimportant for quite some time. The rise of science to cultural importance in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries was possible only because science was eventually able to establish itself as religiously useful initiative. Religion played a key role not only in the origins of modern science, but in providing the ongoing social sanctions that ensured its persistence and rise to prominence. This is a concept I am sure Dawkins would not appreciate, yet it has merit. The relationship between Science and Religion can be explained from two discrete points of view. Some would argue that scientific explanations are the only means of explaining our existence, while others would argue that religion and the story of creation provide a sufficient amount of the worlds conception. Religion and science both have the same basis, which are truth and understanding. It is this similarity that allows a direct link between science and religion. I believe that there is sufficient evidence to prove that science and religion are compatible. Albert Einstein had the same opinion when he presented the idea of the nature of light that was argued for hundreds of years. Scientology is also a proven example of compatibility between religion and science. Also, when looking at the two from a more general point of view, it would be obvious to say that they can both work together to give us a better understanding of the universe. In the early 1700s, a constructive debate on the true nature of light led to various arguments and theories. The corpuscular theory, which was more religious based, depicted light being tiny particles that were transferred from a source like the Sun to a destination. A more scientific theory suggested that light was a wave phenomenon where the energy was carried by a wave motion and not by movement of actual particles. In the early 1900s, Albert Einstein discovered that light was both a wave and it was composed of tiny particles. He felt that both sides were right all along and both contributed to finding out the true nature of light. With this discovery, he felt that there was a strong link between science and religion. Science without religion is lame, religion without science is blind (Einstein, A). Saying this, he believed strongly in the fact that religion and science were compatible. He believed that religion was a byproduct of fear and a tool to help the primitive human mind deal with it. He believed that many leaders and rulers incorporated religion into their daily functions to secure their rule. The question â€Å"is science a religion? † still remains. The problem may lie in how science and religion differentiate in their distinct methodologies of searching for knowledge and belief. Science refers to a system of acquiring knowledge based on scientific method, it attempts to collect accurate information about the shared reality and to model it in a way that can be used to make reliable. They have concrete and quantitative predictions about events; everything has a hypothesis and has reasons to prove it. Science gains their knowledge through scientific method: testing hypotheses to develop theories through elucidation of facts or evaluation by experiments. It develops theories of the world which best fit the observed physical observed evidence. It can be categorized into two major types of sciences: human science and natural science and they rely mainly on empirical evidence. Religion is a set of beliefs and is related to both the personal practices related to communal faith and to group rituals and communication stemming from shared conviction. Theologians believe in the omnipotent power that God has, they put faith on God and use religion as a tool to satisfy their unanswerable questions and desire to know. Some religious people maintain that religious knowledge is absolute and infallible. However, the knowledge each person believes in varies as religious knowledge varies from religion and each individual. Science tends to be more tangible while religion is more imperceptible according to senses. There is domestic danger in being a world religious leader and technological powerhouse. Religious commitment and leadership in science and technology greatly enlarges the potential for conflict between faith and science in the United States. The relationship between religion and views of science should be of interest not just to scientists and social scientists concerned with public opinion research, but to policy makers as well. Public opinion has significant impact upon the making of public policy. Commonly held perceptions about particular scientific findings could help determine the eventual shape of laws and other policies for issues such as abortion or climate change (Keeter, 2007). Tradition has taught mankind that religion and science are two competing theories that can never be intermixed. Science and religion put forth competing theories on how the world was created, who is responsible for such creation, and what happens to individuals when they die. Further, science proposes solutions for many of society’s problems that many religions clearly define as wrong, such as abortion, stem cell research, and cloning. Early scientists and philosophers integrated science and religion to explain the course and state of the cosmos. For instance, Galileo, Kepler, Descartes, and Newton all asserted that mathematical relations, the foundation of science, were a product of God. According to the four, it was God who invented mathematics and then imposed mathematical laws on the universe to back them up. More than 100 years ago, William James remarked, â€Å"I do not see why a critical science of religions might not eventually command as general a public adhesion as is commanded by a physical science†. In James view, studying religion by way of science could shed more light on the issue than philosophy alone. James believed that philosophy fell short in that it failed to â€Å"capture the depth, motion, and vitality of religion†. By focusing on religion from a scientific point of view, researchers could better determine the concreteness of the religious experience. So, is science a religion? The answer is it depends on who you ask.  There is no concrete evidence to prove that it is or isn’t. I tend to believe that it could be. People like Richard Dawkins say emphatically no, yet he has blind faith that â€Å"what science cannot explain today, it will be able to explain tomorrow† (McGrath, pg. 148). Some have even gone so far as to compare Dawkins’ â€Å"infatuation† with Darwin with the Christian’s worship of Jesus Christ. I have not read anything that proves this but it could be another example of how science can be viewed as a religion. Either way, it seems that some level of faith is required for both and we can learn a lot from each one.

Film Analysis of All That Heaven Allows Essays -- Papers Movie Film Ci

Film Analysis of All That Heaven Allows Chosen sequence: Golden Rain Tree/Cary's bedroom scene. Before the emergence of 'auteur theory' the director Douglas Sirk was a renowned exponent of classical Hollywood narrative, particularly in the genre of romantic melodrama, of which his film All That Heaven Allows is a classic example. However, he is now regarded as a master of mise-en-scene, one of the few tools left to a director working within the constraints of the Hollywood studio/institutional system who is now thought to have been highly critical of American mainstream culture and society in this prosperous era. 1, 2 The 'Golden Rain Tree' sequence occurs early on in the film after the opening panoramic, establishing shot - showing the scene of the action, a small middle-class New England town in autumn. The main protagonists are soon introduced of which the prime causal agent is an unsettled woman, Cary Scott (Jane Wyman), in keeping with romantic melodrama. As a widow, she is a victim of circumstance who is eager to change her life. Her friend visits (Mona) and hopes to persuade Cary to take a conventional route out of widowhood but, by chance, she meets the gardener, Ron Kirby (Rock Hudson) and from the mise-en-scene in these opening scenes it is obvious that she would prefer a romantic affiliation of some sort with Ron. After a few pleasantries, some tea at the table outside Cary's house and some profound references to gardening, Ron goes to hand Cary a small brance/twig, evidently a token of deep affection. The film so far displays all the conventions of classical narrative and maintains all the dominant ideologies o... ...lassical narrative cinema. In Being There, the character and motives of Gardiner are made much clearer to the viewer through the imaginative use of mise-en-scene, as illustrated above. NOTES 1. Carroll. Essay The Moral Ecology of Melodrama: The Family Plot and Magnificent Obsession. p. 170. 2. Cook. p. 76-79. BIBLIOGRAPHY An Introduction to Film Studies Jill Nelmes (ed.) Routledge 1996 Anatomy of Film Bernard H. Dick St. Martins Press 1998 Key Concepts in Cinema Studies Susan Hayward Routledge 1996 Teach Yourself Film Studies Warren Buckland Hodder & Stoughton 1998 Interpreting the Moving Image Noel Carroll Cambridge University Press 1998 The Cinema Book Pam Cook (ed.) BFI 1985 FILMOGRAPHY All That Heaven Allows Dir. Douglas Sirk Universal 1955 Being There Dir. Hal Ashby 1979

Community Health Nursing Assessment

Community Health Assessment of 78382 Chamberlain College of Nursing NR-443 Fall Session, November 2012 Audrey L. Hendrix Community Health Assessment of 78382 Introduction In an effort to promote the health needs within a community, a successful community health nurse (CHN) must focus on the entire population. In order to accomplish this task, the CHN utilizes a scientific approach to determine the priority population focused health needs for the community.According to Nies & McEwen (2011), a population focus involving an assessment of the community is a primary tool utilized in order to develop planning, interventions, and evaluations for the community at large. The purpose of this paper is to determine a priority health problem of a specific community based on demographic data, epidemiological data, and a windshield survey of the community. Community Data Zip code 78382 is the official postal identification for the city of Rockport, Texas. Rockport is the county seat of Aransas Coun ty.Rockport is a Texas Gulf Coast community located on Live Oak Peninsula between Copano and Aransas Bay on State Highway 35. Named for the rock ledge that lies underneath the coastal shore, Rockport was founded after the Civil War as a cattle slaughtering, packing, and shipping port. This industry continued until the late 1800’s when boatbuilding and fishing began to develop into important industries. After the railroad came to Rockport, tourism and the resort business began to thrive (Shukalo, 2005). After the turn of the century, a major hurricane almost destroyed the entire community.Recovery from this devastating natural disaster was slow but by the late 1920’s the community once again began to thrive. At that time, shrimping became a major industry within the community. Throughout the next four decades, the community continued to grow with the main sources of commerce remaining in the areas of fishing, shrimping, and tourism. Today Rockport is a favorite vacation spot known as the Texas Riviera. Major sources of commercial life today in Rockport are the restaurant and motel industries (Shukalo, 2005). Demographic and Epidemiological DataThe estimated population of Rockport is 8,846 compared to 25,674,681 for the state of Texas. The age breakdown for the population is 5% under the age of 5, 17. 9% under the age of 18, 28. 3% over the age of 65 and 51. 7% female. The state of Texas is 7. 7% under the age of 5, 27. 3% under the age of 18, 10. 3% over the age of 65 and 50. 4% female (U. S. Census Bureau, 2012). Caucasian is the largest ethnic group in Rockport at 88. 7%, African-American at 1. 5%, American Indians at 0. 7%, Asian at 2. 4%, Native Hawaiian at 0. 1% and Hispanics at 20. 8%. The state of Texas lists Caucasians at 70. %, African-Americans at 11. 8%, American Indians at 0. 7%, Native Hawaiian at 0. 1% and Hispanics at 45. 3% (U. S. Census Bureau, 2012). Currently 14. 7% of the population over the age of five in Rockport does not spe ak English in the home setting, 87% of the population over the age of 25 is a high school graduate, and 32. 3% over the age of 25 has a bachelor’s degree. In comparison, the state of Texas lists 34. 2% over the age of five that do not speak English in the home, 80% over the age of 25 with a high school diploma, and 25. 8% over the age of 25 with a bachelor’s degree (U. S. Census Bureau, 2012).Per capita income in Rockport is $30,513 compared to $24,870 for the state of Texas. The median income per household is $44,487 and the state of Texas is $49,646. Individuals living below the poverty level in Rockport are 17. 6% of the population compared to 16. 89% for the state of Texas (U. S. Census Bureau, 2012). Current infant mortality in Rockport is 4. 2 per 1000 live births compared to six per 1000 live births for the state of Texas. Adult obesity is 26. 6% of the population in Rockport and 10. 7% of the population is diabetic. Childhood obesity is 23. 3% of the Rockport p opulation compared to 32. % in the state of Texas (Kaiser Health News, 2012). In 2002, Aransas County was listed as one of the top 10 dirtiest counties in Texas due to air pollution from a local chemical plant (Scorecard, 2012). Windshield Survey Within the community, a large amount of individuals are visible. Many are entering convenience stores and some are standing in the parking lot areas talking. A variety of ages is noted and the two major ethnic groups in the community, Caucasian and Hispanic, are the two that are the most visible. Many of the individual are overweight or obese. Some are well dressed while others are disheveled in appearance.Pregnant women are visible as well as women with small children. The general condition of the homes in Rockport is diverse. Many of the homes are multi-million dollar structures while others are dilapidated and in need of serious repair. People seen in the downtown area are walking but away from that area, most people are travelling in ca rs. Some people are travelling on bicycles or golf carts in designated areas. Three areas of public housing are noted but there are no visible signs of public transportation. Numerous campaign signs are visible throughout the entire community.One adult day care and two child day centers are noted during the survey. Two grade schools, one middle school, two private church schools, and one high school are seen during the survey. Many of the homes in the neighborhoods in the area are dirty and in need of repair. The yards are full of garbage and items such as old appliances, empty beer cans, and cars on blocks. Some of the roads are in need of repair and almost too narrow for two cars to traverse safely. Most of the business buildings have handicapped ramps leading up the sidewalks. Parking lots have handicapped parking and the doors have handicapped buttons.One large park is noted during the survey but the park was sparsely populated during the survey. Very few children are visible du ring the survey. Numerous full service restaurants as well as fast food facilities are seen throughout the community. Rockport has no hospital but there is one emergency care clinic. Two dialysis centers, one assisted living facility, and three long-term care centers are noted. Two physical therapy facilities are also seen during the survey as well as three dentist offices. While driving throughout the neighborhoods, very few children are seen outside playing.No neighborhood watch signs are visible in any of the neighborhoods. Numerous churches are seen throughout the entire community. No evidence of gang activity, drug abuse or alcohol abuse is visible during the survey. One herbal shop is located in the downtown area. Next door to the herbal store, there is an advertisement for massage therapy sessions. Signs advertising health clinics, lectures, or health fairs are not visible during the survey. Problem Assessment data clearly defines obesity as a focus health area. The combined percentage totals for the adults and children within the Rockport community that suffer from obesity is 49. %. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2012) obesity is one of the most common and most expensive health problems facing the United States. One of the objectives of Healthy People 2020 is to improve nutritional status and promote weight loss. When individual are overweight or obese, they are also at a high risk for numerous other medical complications such as hypertension, Type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, dyslipidemia, osteoporosis, and many more diseases (U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2012). Historical SignificanceBefore the 1900’s being overweight was considered a hallmark symbol of wealth and health. The additional weight indicated that the individual had the financial resources to obtain a vast amount of food. Today, however, obesity is indicative of current and future medical problems. Prior to the many modern day c onveniences that most individuals use today, people toiled at intense labor to make a living. Meals were prepared from scratch and microwave meals were not available. In addition, food was expensive and difficult to acquire. Walking was common and until the late 1980’s obesity was not a problem in the United States (Wiley, 2012).Summary Obesity is a medical health problem that has becoming an increasing health care dilemma for minorities, low-income populations, and immigrants. These populations are vulnerable to these health care issues due to a variety of factors such as cultural diet choices, genetics, lack of funds to resource more nutritious foods and lifestyle choices. Throughout the United States, obesity and diabetes are reaching epidemic levels (Candib, 2007). Individuals today live a more sedentary lifestyle. They eat more fast foods, fried food and consume drinks high in sugar content.Children in the public school system consume meals high in carbohydrates and ofte n engage in little or no physical activity. Lack of income reduces consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables and parents often purchase cheaper luncheon meats such as hot dogs rather than the more expensive cuts of meat. When the fast food giants introduced the super sizing concept to the world, thus began the super sizing of the population. References Candib, L. (2007) Obesity and diabetes in vulnerable population: Reflections on proximal and distal causes. Retrieved online from: http://annfammed. org/content/5/6/547. ull Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2012) Obesity. Retrieved online from: http://www. cdc. gov/obesity Kaiser Health News (2012) Texas. Retrieved online from: http://www. statehealthfacts. org Nies, M. A. , & McEwen, M. (2011) Community public health nursing: Promoting the health of populations (5th ed. ). St. Louis, MO: Saunders/Elsevier Onboard Informatics (2010) Aransas County, Texas (TX). Retrieved online from: http://www. city-data. com/county/Aransa s-County-Tx. html Scorecard (2012) Pollution report card. Retrieved online from: http://scorecard. goodguide. com Shukalo, A. 2005) Handbook of Texas online. Retrieved online from: http://tshaonline. org/handbook/online/articles/hgr05 U. S. Census Bureau (2012) QuickFacts. Retrieved online from: http://www. census. gov/ U. S. Department of Health and Human Services (2012) Healthy people 2020: Nutrition and weight status. Retrieved online from: http://www. healthypeople. gov/2020/topicobjectives2020/overview. aspx? topicid=29 Wiley, S. (2012) Obesity history in the America. Retrieved online from: http://www. livestrong. com/article/359624-obesity-in-america/ Community Health Assessment of Rockport, Texas Introduction

An Essential Factor For African American - 1636 Words

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